The M23 rebels in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo have gained ground, enabling them to reject negotiations with the government in favor of demanding more concessions. President Tshisekedi’s recent agreement to talks in Angola was undermined by the rebels’ withdrawal, citing European sanctions as a barrier. The complexity of multiple peace initiatives has created mutual mistrust, complicating efforts to establish a ceasefire and bring about resolution.
In eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, the M23 rebels, backed by Rwanda, have made significant territorial gains that increase their negotiating power, enabling them to avoid direct discussions with the Congolese government. Following the rebels’ capture of major cities, President Felix Tshisekedi’s administration agreed to negotiations in Angola. However, the M23 coalition opted out of the talks, citing European Union sanctions as a barrier.
Political analyst Tresor Kibangula noted that the rebels’ withdrawal indicates their unwillingness to negotiate without substantial concessions assured in advance. Both President Tshisekedi and Rwandan President Paul Kagame recently held a meeting to call for a ceasefire, though their discussions, mediated by Qatar, yielded uncertain results especially given M23’s recent military successes.
M23’s demands include an end to alleged persecution of ethnic Tutsis in Congo, while the government labels the group as terrorists. Jason Stearns, an expert on the region, noted that M23’s military advantage likely discourages them from halting their offensive.
The presence of multiple competing peace initiatives has further complicated negotiations. Angola’s attempts to mediate between Rwanda and Congo have faced skepticism, particularly following the breakdown of talks due to Congolese resistance against negotiating directly with M23. Recently, preparations for talks led to doubts over Angola’s role as a neutral broker, with claims of poor organization behind the scenes.
Despite an agreement on a roadmap to achieve a ceasefire within 30 days, persistent distrust from both the Congolese and the M23 regarding various initiatives hampers progress. An African diplomat cautioned the need for unified efforts to address the conflict rather than fostering diversified initiatives that only deepen divisions.
The ongoing conflict in eastern Congo continues to be exacerbated by the strengthened position of the M23 rebels and a lack of trust among the involved parties. With significant territorial control, the M23 has opted out of peace talks, reflecting a desire for favorable terms rather than genuine engagement. Additionally, the complexity arising from multiple peace initiatives further complicates the situation, underscoring the need for coherent and coordinated efforts to resolve this protracted crisis.
Original Source: www.straitstimes.com
