A novel bat coronavirus discovered in Brazil exhibits 72% genomic similarity to Mers-CoV. While its risk to humans remains uncertain, initial research showcases potential receptor interactions. Further experiments are planned in Hong Kong to assess transmissibility, emphasizing bats’ roles in viral diversity and the importance of continuous epidemiological monitoring.
Researchers in Brazil have discovered a new coronavirus in bats that shares genetic similarities with the Middle East respiratory syndrome (Mers) virus. Found in São Paulo and Ceará, this novel coronavirus has a genomic similarity of about 72 percent to the Mers-CoV genome, with its spike protein exhibiting 71.74 percent similarity. While there is uncertainty regarding its potential to infect humans, indications that the virus’s spike protein might interact with host cell receptors raise concerns.
Plans are underway for further research at high-security laboratories in Hong Kong aimed at assessing the human health risks posed by this new virus. “This monitoring helps identify circulating viruses and risks of transmission to other animals, and even to humans,” noted researcher Ricardo Durães-Carvalho. The findings were published in the Journal of Medical Virology.
In their study, scientists analyzed 423 oral and rectal swabs from various bat species, detecting coronaviruses in five out of those sixteen species, particularly in bats from Fortaleza, Brazil. Notably, the new virus exhibits high similarity to Mers-related strains identified in humans and camels, indicating a potential for zoonotic transmission. Researchers also observed viral genome recombination, highlighting significant genetic diversity among bat viruses.
The study underscores the essential role of bats as reservoirs for emerging viruses, calling for ongoing epidemiological surveillance. Dr. Durães-Carvalho emphasized the importance of systematic analyses and consolidated data sharing across health sectors to monitor and mitigate public health risks associated with coronaviruses effectively.
In conclusion, the discovery of a new bat coronavirus in Brazil, related to the Mers virus, raises significant questions regarding its potential to infect humans. The planned experiments in high-security labs aim to clarify these risks. This research highlights the critical role of bats in viral transmission and underscores the necessity for ongoing surveillance and collaborative data analysis to prevent future health crises.
Original Source: www.independent.co.uk
