Syria’s new temporary constitution centralizes power in interim president Ahmed al-Shara, retains Islamic law as legal foundation, and promises individual freedoms including women’s rights. Despite these reforms, skepticism persists among various ethnic and religious groups about the government’s inclusivity. The constitution grants the president significant authority, such as appointing one-third of the interim legislature and declaring a state of emergency.
Syria’s newly adopted temporary constitution, signed by interim president Ahmed al-Shara, consolidates significant authority in the hands of the president while maintaining Islamic law as the legal foundation. This declaration follows the dissolution of the previous constitution brought about by the regime of Bashar al-Assad, from whom al-Shara claims to have liberated the nation. Al-Shara emphasized the importance of this constitution as a milestone for a seemingly brighter future for Syria after years of dictatorial rule and ongoing conflict.
The new constitutional declaration enshrines essential individual freedoms, including guarantees of “freedom of opinion, expression, information, publication and press.” If successfully implemented, it would signify a departure from the oppressive surveillance state experienced under Assad. Additionally, it asserts protections for women’s rights and acknowledges the rights of all Syrians throughout a five-year transitional phase, culminating in the establishment of a permanent constitution and subsequent elections.
Despite these promising advancements, skepticism persists among Syria’s diverse ethnic and religious communities. Many question al-Shara’s commitment to fostering an inclusive government, given his leadership role in an Islamist extremist rebel group. This skepticism highlights the ongoing challenges associated with governance in a nation marked by a history of division and conflict.
The temporary constitution affords the president extensive executive powers, including the authority to declare a state of emergency. Under this framework, the president is responsible for appointing one-third of the interim legislature, while the remaining two-thirds will be selected through elections administered by a commission appointed by the president, thus reflecting the concentrated nature of power in this transitional framework.
In summary, Syria’s new temporary constitution represents a significant shift in governance by granting substantial power to the interim president while promising individual freedoms and women’s rights. However, lingering doubts regarding the inclusivity of leadership highlight the complexities still facing the nation. As the country embarks on this transitional journey, the effectiveness of these reforms will be closely monitored in the years ahead.
Original Source: www.nytimes.com
