Ecuador’s presidential elections, held in February and leading to an April runoff, emerge amid crises impacting the Amazon and Indigenous rights. Candidates Daniel Noboa and Luisa González advocate for continued extractivism, while the Indigenous movement, led by Leonidas Iza, may influence the election’s outcome as they oppose these policies. The dynamics of violence, governance, and environmental protection shape the context of this pivotal electoral moment.
Ecuador recently held presidential elections on February 9, with a runoff set for April 13, 2025. These elections come amidst a multifaceted crisis in the country, impacting both the political landscape and the ecological integrity of the Amazon. The main candidates, President Daniel Noboa and opposition’s Luisa González, endorse continued extractivism, raising concerns over the Indigenous territories. The Indigenous movement, led by Leonidas Iza, could significantly influence this runoff due to their opposition to damaging extractivist policies.
Daniel Noboa, who won 44.6% of the vote, faces dire challenges marked by increased violence and human rights violations since he assumed office on November 23, 2023. His administration has enacted militarization policies in response to rising crime but has seen record homicide rates, exacerbating a security crisis. Human rights abuses, including extrajudicial killings, have surged, with alarming incidents such as the case of four Afro-descendant children murdered under military detention highlighted.
Noboa’s government has further consolidated power through increased alignment with the United States, including proposals for foreign military bases in Ecuador. Significant constitutional reforms aim to undermine Indigenous rights, such as prior consultation, thereby threatening Indigenous communities’ governance. This coincides with new trade agreements that favor foreign mining investments, advancing extractivist agendas in violation of Indigenous territories.
Luisa González’s campaign stems from the legacy of former president Rafael Correa, who promoted public investment but is also criticized for corruption and fostering extractivism. While Correísmo initially gained support for social policies, it later faced backlash over its authoritarian practices and its extractivist policies in territories such as Yasuní, which were met with public resistance. This legacy complicates González’s appeal amid accusations of previous governance failures.
The Indigenous movement, with a history of significant political influence, could play a pivotal role in shaping the outcome of the runoff election. Although they garnered 5.24% of the initial vote, their strategic positioning against both major candidates can sway the election’s results. The challenge lies in determining whether to support one candidate or advocate for a null vote, highlighting the need for a political shift that respects Indigenous rights and prioritizes climate justice.
The forthcoming elections present a critical juncture for Ecuador, where the pressures of extractive policies, escalating violence, and climate degradation converge. It remains to be seen how the Indigenous movement will navigate this complex landscape and whether they can leverage their influence to demand accountability and sustainable governance that honors their rights and the Amazon ecosystem.
Ecuador’s upcoming runoff election is crucial for the future of its Amazon and Indigenous rights. Both leading candidates endorse extractivism, raising concerns over the environmental impact and governance of Indigenous territories. The Indigenous movement, although not in the lead, holds significant sway and may influence the outcome, emphasizing the need for strategies that respect their rights and promote climate justice in Ecuador. Ultimately, the election poses vital questions about the country’s political trajectory and environmental future.
Original Source: amazonwatch.org
