The U.S. has proposed expanding its Lobito railway project as a peace incentive between the DRC and Rwanda, but Rwanda has distanced itself from negotiations. The ongoing conflict, fueled by Rwandan-backed rebel groups in eastern DRC, has created a humanitarian crisis. Despite efforts to promote stability through infrastructure initiatives, Rwanda’s reluctance and regional complexities remain significant hurdles.
The United States has suggested expanding its signature African investment initiative to promote peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), but Rwanda has shown reluctance, according to U.S. officials. Molly Phee, outgoing assistant secretary of state for African affairs, mentioned that the U.S. proposed extending the Lobito railway to help stabilize eastern DRC, following discussions with both nations. However, Rwanda’s support appears to have waned as tensions continue in the region, exacerbated by ongoing conflicts involving Rwandan-backed rebel groups, such as the March 23 (M23) Movement. This turmoil has led to a humanitarian crisis in eastern DRC, with accusations against Rwanda of seizing valuable resources amidst the chaos.
Rwandan President Paul Kagame has pressured the DRC government to eliminate the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), composed mainly of Hutu militants, while denying direct military involvement. The U.S. solution included DRC taking action against the FDLR, but Kinshasa has not yet responded. Phee reflected on the negotiations, noting they made progress but were ultimately thwarted by Rwanda’s absence from a crucial summit. President Kagame has since expressed skepticism towards peace efforts, perceiving them as superficial engagements rather than addressing deeper issues.
Under President Biden, the U.S. has aimed to prioritize African relations compared to previous administrations, yet ongoing global crises shifted focus. One major conflict of recent years, the Tigray war in Ethiopia, resulted in over 600,000 fatalities before a ceasefire was brokered in November 2022. Phee expressed pride in the U.S. role in ending the war but raised concerns regarding the Ethiopian government’s heavy-handed responses to localized conflicts in regions like Amhara and Oromia.
The U.S. has faced challenges in Niger following a military coup in 2023, leading to the cancellation of a $100 million military cooperation deal and increased ties with Russia. Phee remarked on Niger’s dealings regarding uranium sales amidst concerns over potential agreements with Iran. She emphasized that the U.S. aims to assist Niger in responsibly leveraging its resources for its citizens’ benefit, expressing hope that diplomatic relations could improve in the future.
The current geopolitical situation in the DRC and Rwanda stems from decades of conflict, exacerbated by the presence of various armed groups and complex regional dynamics. The U.S. involvement reflects its broader strategy to enhance stability in Africa through investment and diplomacy. With significant infrastructure projects like the Lobito railway, aimed at facilitating economic development and regional trade, the U.S. seeks to leverage these initiatives as incentives for cooperative agreements between conflicting nations. Rwanda’s backing of rebel factions has heightened tensions, complicating peace negotiations and humanitarian efforts.
In summary, the U.S. has made attempts to foster peace in the DRC by proposing infrastructure investment as an incentive for cooperation between DRC and Rwanda. However, the disconnection in negotiations, especially concerning Rwanda’s reluctance to engage, complicates the situation further. The U.S. has encountered various challenges across the continent, from the Tigray conflict in Ethiopia to military developments in Niger, signaling a complex path forward for U.S.-Africa relations. Continued engagement and a focus on addressing root issues may be necessary for sustainable peace and development.
Original Source: www.france24.com
