Research predicts that by 2100, Switzerland will experience fewer overall avalanches due to climate change, but wet snow avalanches are expected to become more frequent, particularly in areas above the tree line. Dry snow avalanches may decrease as rising temperatures elevate the snow line. Extreme snowfall events may still produce significant hazards at higher elevations.
Climate change is projected to alter avalanche patterns in Switzerland significantly by the year 2100. Research indicates that while the total number of avalanches may decrease, the incidence of wet snow avalanches is expected to rise. These avalanches occur when rainwater or melting snow infiltrates the snowpack, posing increased risks, especially in regions above the tree line. The findings from the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF) suggest that rising winter temperatures, estimated to increase by approximately five degrees Celsius, will lead to a reduction in dry snow avalanches. Consequently, avalanches will likely occur less frequently in valleys as temperatures rise, resulting in a higher snow line and less cumulative snowfall. However, extreme snowfall events may still occur, potentially generating large avalanches at elevated altitudes that could reach valley areas if they run along channels. The SLF conducted this study at seven Swiss locations, including Weissfluhjoch and Zermatt. These insights are applicable not only to Switzerland but also to other alpine regions globally, such as the Columbia Mountains in Canada.
The topic of avalanche behavior in Switzerland has garnered attention due to the rising concerns of climate change and its impact on natural disasters. As global temperatures rise, researchers are investigating how these changes affect seasonal weather patterns, particularly in mountainous regions where snowpack dynamics are critical. The WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research has been instrumental in studying these phenomena, analyzing various locations to derive predictions about future avalanche risk, particularly concerning wet and dry snow instances.
In summary, the anticipated effects of climate change on Swiss avalanche behavior indicate a complex shift towards increased wet snow avalanches, while dry snow avalanches may decrease in frequency. Higher winter temperatures will likely raise the snow line, making valley incursions less common, yet extreme weather events will still present considerable hazards at higher altitudes. Continued research and proactive safety measures, such as closing ski resorts in high-risk areas, are essential for public safety.
Original Source: www.swissinfo.ch
